2020-11-28
Aquatic product processing includes the food processing industry that uses edible parts of fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, algae, etc. to make frozen products, pickled products, dried products, canned products, and cooked foods, and has low edible value or inedible Non-food processing industry of fish meal, fish oil, cod liver oil, hydrolyzed protein, fish gelatin, algin, iodine, chitin, etc. as raw materials. The development of aquatic product processing and comprehensive utilization has not only increased the added value of resource utilization, but also placed a large amount of surplus labor in the fishing area, and promoted the development of a number of related industries such as processing machinery, packaging materials, and condiments. Economic and social benefits.
2020 market prospect and current situation analysis of aquatic product processing industry
In recent years, fresh food e-commerce has developed rapidly. As a sub-market of the fresh food market-seafood and aquatic product e-commerce, it has also developed rapidly.
At present, the structure of domestic meat consumption is changing, and seafood is increasingly becoming a normal dining option. Data show that in September 2017, China's aquatic protein exceeded 9 million tons, surpassing pork for the first time. The recently released "China Agriculture Outlook Report" also predicts that my country's per capita consumption of aquatic products will reach 23 kilograms by 2026, accounting for about 36% of total consumption. It can be said that the seafood market is ushering in a golden period. Statistics show that my country's seafood consumption is ushering in a breakthrough growth, the e-commerce sector will get more opportunities, and it will also bring some profound changes to the aquaculture industry.
With the improvement of people's living standards, the requirements for processed aquatic products are constantly changing. For example, processed marine fish products that are convenient to eat and high-value products have a lot of room for development. In addition, in the face of the rapid changes in my country's aquatic product processing resources, the processing technology and new product development of enterprises have not yet adapted. At present, the output of freshwater aquatic products in my country accounts for about 45% of the total output of aquatic products, and the increase in the output of aquatic products in the future will mainly rely on the aquaculture of freshwater fish and sea shells and algae. However, there are few processing companies in freshwater areas, and the processing rate is very low. According to incomplete statistics, it does not exceed 18%. This will severely restrict the development of fisheries and the increase of fishermen’s income.
From all kinds of frozen fish, frozen shrimp, canned fish to fish oil, fish scale glue, facial mask, etc., aquatic products have become an inseparable and important part of people's healthy life. The types of processing are becoming more and more abundant, and the product forms are more diverse. Diverse. Aquatic product processing is not only a driving force for the aquatic industry, but also a leading and traction force for the development of the entire aquatic industry. It is the main area to enhance the fishery value chain and extend the industrial chain, and is a key link in the integrated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. The development of aquatic product processing industry has played an important role in promoting aquatic product export trade and the adjustment of fishery industry structure. However, in recent years, with the further opening of the international market, my country’s aquatic product processing industry is facing severe challenges in terms of technical level, equipment status, and quality control. In the future, scientific and technological research and development should be increased to realize the transition from "primary" to " The magnificent transformation of "profound".
From 2014 to 2019, the number of aquatic product processing companies in my country fluctuated, from 9,663 to 9,323 in 2014; aquatic product processing capacity also showed a trend of fluctuations. In 2017, my country's aquatic product processing capacity reached a peak of 29.26 million tons. With the decrease in the number of aquatic product processing enterprises, my country's aquatic product processing capacity dropped to 28.88 million tons in 2019. The total amount of processing of aquatic products in my country shows a dynamic trend as a whole. From 2014-2017, my country's total aquatic product processing increased year by year, reaching 21.96 million tons in 2017. In 2018, the total amount of aquatic products processed in my country declined and increased to 21.71 million tons in 2019. The processed aquatic products in my country mainly include frozen aquatic products, surimi products and dry pickled products. In 2019, the processing volume of frozen aquatic products in my country accounted for 70.96% of the processed aquatic products; surimi products and dry pickled products accounted for 13.52%.
The global seafood market has grown steadily in production and sales. In 2007, global seafood production was 100.7 million tons, which increased to 109.8 million tons in 2017, and consumption increased from 92.6 million tons in 2007 to 101.4 million tons in 2014. Global aquatic product processing fluctuates to a certain extent. In 2014, the average price of seafood rose to US$11023.4/ton, and it has declined after 2014. In 2017, the average price of the global seafood market was US$8,126.7/ton. China is a major aquatic product country, and the output of aquatic products accounts for more than 1/3 of the total global output. China is also the world's largest seafood consumer market. With the improvement of people's living standards, China's per capita aquatic product consumption is also steadily increasing, from 11.5 kg per capita in 1990 to 26 kg in 2006.
According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization's forecast, China's per capita seafood consumption will reach 36 kg in 2020. At present, my country’s aquatic product processing industry is greatly affected by international and domestic factors. The situation facing export aquatic product processing enterprises is relatively severe. The operating rate of coastal aquatic product processing enterprises is generally less than 50%, and many enterprises are even less than 30%. Some business owners The industry has moved to other industries, especially in recent years. The resource structure of the entire aquatic product processing industry has undergone major changes. Due to the depletion of offshore resources, offshore fishery and aquaculture resources will become the main raw material resources for the aquatic product processing industry in the future. At present, the main difficulties faced by the aquatic product processing industry are the rising prices of raw materials, the higher safety risks of aquaculture raw materials, the continued increase in labor costs, and the inefficient use of resources.
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